Heat olive oil in a large Dutch oven or cooking pot over medium heat until shimmering.
Add chopped onion and minced garlic; cook, stirring regularly, until fragrant and translucent, about 3-4 minutes.
Add chopped cabbage, celery, carrots, kosher salt, and black pepper; cook, stirring occasionally, and cover pot partway to wilt the cabbage, about 5-7 minutes.
Stir in turmeric, cumin, coriander, and Aleppo pepper to coat the vegetables evenly with spices.
Add diced tomatoes with their juices and vegetable broth; bring to a boil for 5 minutes.
Reduce heat to medium-low and partially cover the pot; simmer for 20-25 minutes until vegetables are tender.
Turn off heat and stir in chopped parsley, green onions, grated ginger, lemon zest, and lemon juice.
Serve immediately for best flavor.